Localized or topical administration of drugs may be considered as a potential approach for
overcoming the problems caused by the various biological barriers encountered in drug …

The remarkable number of new molecular entities approved per year as parenteral drugs,
such as biologics and complex active pharmaceutical ingredients, calls for innovative and …

Objective: The aim of the present study was to encapsulate vancomycin in different
liposomal formulations and compare the in vitro antimicrobial activity against …

Introduction: There is a clinical need for pharmaceutical dosage forms devised to prolong
the acting time of local anesthetic (LA) agents or to reduce their toxicity. Encapsulation of LA …

Plant products are an important source of bioactive agents against parasitic diseases,
including leishmaniasis. Among these products, vegetable oils have gained ground in the …

An injectable, phospholipid-based phase transition gel (PPTG) has been developed for
prolonging the release of ropivacaine (RO) for local anesthesia. PPTG was prepared by …

Liposomes have established themselves as great pharmaceutical carriers over the past
three decades. These phospholipid vesicular systems have undergone great technical …

Bupivacaine hydrochloride (BVC) represents an option to produce long-lasting analgesia,
and complexation in cyclodextrins has shown improvements in biopharmaceutical …

Ropivacaine is a local anesthetic with similar potency but lower systemic toxicity than
bupivacaine, the most commonly used spinal anesthetic. The present study concerns the …

Purpose Hyaluronic acid-poly (ethylene glycol)-distearoyl phosphoethanolamine (HA-PEG-
DSPE) modified and tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) contained …