I. Executive Summary Background The 5 years since the publication of the first International
Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed …

There are a variety of medical conditions associated with chronic sinonasal inflammation,
including chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and cystic fibrosis. In particular, CRS can be divided …

abstract Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by local
inflammation of the upper airways and sinuses which persists for at least 12 weeks. CRS …

Summary TSLP, IL-25, and IL-33 are increasingly recognized to play important roles in the
pathophysiology of allergic diseases. More clear recognition of the differences and …

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps (NPs) in Western populations is
associated with TH 2 cytokine polarization. IL-25, an IL-17 family cytokine, was recently …

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease with an uncertain
pathogenesis. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC 2s) represent a recently discovered cell …

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease with various
underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms which translate to endotypes, in contrast to clinical …

Background Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC 2s) were shown to be involved in the
initiation and coordination of Th2‐type immune responses in allergic disease animal …

Background Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), IL‐25, and IL‐33 system contribute to the
initiation and development of Th2 responses. This study aimed to explore the involvement of …

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a prevalent and heterogeneous disease associated with a
high degree of morbidity. Although there exist specific conditions for diagnosis, it has been …