Publisher Summary This chapter reviews that the Late Wisconsinan North American ice
sheet complex consisted of three major ice sheets:(1) the Laurentide Ice Sheet, which was …

Although the long held normative view of New World colonization relies on entrance through
an interior ice-free corridor by terrestrially adapted big-game hunters, a recently …

The widespread extinctions of large mammals at the end of the Pleistocene epoch have
often been attributed to the depredations of humans; here we present genetic evidence that …

The Clovis-first model for the peopling of the Americas by∼ 13.4 ka has long invoked the Ice-
Free Corridor (IFC) between the retreating margins of the Cordilleran and Laurentide ice …

Recent archaeological and paleoecological work along both interior and coastal routes for
early colonization of the New World has suggested that the interior route was impossible …

Abstract In North America, caribou (Rangifer tarandus) experienced diversification in
separate refugia before the last glacial maximum. Geographical isolation produced the …

The Cordilleran Ice Sheet (CIS) once covered an area comparable to that of Greenland.
Previous geologic evidence and numerical models indicate that the ice sheet covered much …

Quaternary climatic oscillations greatly influenced the present‐day population genetic
structure of animals and plants. For species with high dispersal and reproductive potential …

The separation of populations by ice sheets into large refugia can account for much of the
genetic diversity found in present day populations. The evolutionary implications of small …

The thinhorn sheep (Ovis dalli ssp.) provides a rare example of a North American large
mammal that occupies most of its native range and maintains close to ancestral population …