External validation of prognostic models: what, why, how, when and where?

CL Ramspek, KJ Jager, FW Dekker… - Clinical Kidney …, 2021 - academic.oup.com
Prognostic models that aim to improve the prediction of clinical events, individualized
treatment and decision-making are increasingly being developed and published. However …

A systematic review shows no performance benefit of machine learning over logistic regression for clinical prediction models

E Christodoulou, J Ma, GS Collins… - Journal of clinical …, 2019 - Elsevier
Objectives The objective of this study was to compare performance of logistic regression
(LR) with machine learning (ML) for clinical prediction modeling in the literature. Study …

There is no such thing as a validated prediction model

B Van Calster, EW Steyerberg, L Wynants… - BMC medicine, 2023 - Springer
Background Clinical prediction models should be validated before implementation in clinical
practice. But is favorable performance at internal validation or one external validation …

Calculating the sample size required for developing a clinical prediction model

RD Riley, J Ensor, KIE Snell, FE Harrell, GP Martin… - Bmj, 2020 - bmj.com
Clinical prediction models aim to predict outcomes in individuals, to inform diagnosis or
prognosis in healthcare. Hundreds of prediction models are published in the medical …

The diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very preterm infants. An evidence-based approach

EA Jensen, K Dysart, MG Gantz… - American journal of …, 2019 - atsjournals.org
Rationale: Current diagnostic criteria for bronchopulmonary dysplasia rely heavily on the
level and duration of oxygen therapy, do not reflect contemporary neonatal care, and do not …

PROBAST: a tool to assess risk of bias and applicability of prediction model studies: explanation and elaboration

KGM Moons, RF Wolff, RD Riley, PF Whiting… - Annals of internal …, 2019 - acpjournals.org
Prediction models in health care use predictors to estimate for an individual the probability
that a condition or disease is already present (diagnostic model) or will occur in the future …

A simple, evidence-based approach to help guide diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

YNV Reddy, RE Carter, M Obokata, MM Redfield… - Circulation, 2018 - Am Heart Assoc
Background: Diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is
challenging in euvolemic patients with dyspnea, and no evidence-based criteria are …

Hyperprogressors after immunotherapy: analysis of genomic alterations associated with accelerated growth rate

S Kato, A Goodman, V Walavalkar, DA Barkauskas… - Clinical Cancer …, 2017 - AACR
Purpose: Checkpoint inhibitors demonstrate salutary anticancer effects, including long-term
remissions. PD-L1 expression/amplification, high mutational burden, and mismatch repair …

Early warning scores for detecting deterioration in adult hospital patients: systematic review and critical appraisal of methodology

S Gerry, T Bonnici, J Birks, S Kirtley, PS Virdee… - bmj, 2020 - bmj.com
Objective To provide an overview and critical appraisal of early warning scores for adult
hospital patients. Design Systematic review. Data sources Medline, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and …

The importance of being external. methodological insights for the external validation of machine learning models in medicine

F Cabitza, A Campagner, F Soares… - Computer Methods and …, 2021 - Elsevier
Abstract Background and Objective Medical machine learning (ML) models tend to perform
better on data from the same cohort than on new data, often due to overfitting, or co-variate …