In this article, we examine a fractional-order biological population model with carrying
capacity. The blended homotopy techniques pertaining to the Sumudu transform are utilized …

In this paper, we consider a fractional order prey predator model with a prey and two
predator species with the group defense capability. In this model, we use the Holling-IV …

We discuss the stability and bifurcation analysis of predator-prey model in the presence of
group defense and non-linear harvesting in prey. Mathematically, we analyze the dynamics …

In this work, a tritrophic food chain model has been proposed by incorporating Ivlev-like
nonmonotonic functional response, where prey is equipped with defense ability. We have …

In the present paper, a biological population model of fractional order (FBPM) with one
carrying capacity has been examined with the help of reproducing kernel Hilbert space …

A predator–prey model is proposed in this work where the prey population is infected by a
disease. Here, healthy prey species show defence mechanism while they are attacked by …

In ecosystems, cooperative behavior is universal and can dramatically improve a species'
chances of survival. Nevertheless, the situations that can occur when different species with …

A non-smooth Filippov ecosystem with group defense is proposed to investigate the effects
of threshold and intermittent control strategy for IPM. The proposed model has been …

Prey can defend themselves against predators in many different ways. Some prey can even
be dangerous to predators. Such prey posses morphological structures or behavioral …

Protective instincts of prey can strongly influence the development of species and also
reduces the risk of predation. Cannibalism is frequent in predators and it has strong …