Anti-islet autoantibodies serve as key markers in immune-mediated type 1 diabetes (T1D)
and slowly progressive T1D (SPIDDM), also known as latent autoimmune diabetes in adults …

Abstract Although antibodies against Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) were originally
associated with Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS), they now denote the “GAD antibody-spectrum …

Antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), originally linked to stiff person
syndrome (SPS), now denote the “GAD antibody-spectrum disorders”(GAD-SD) that also …

Islet autoantibodies are the main markers of pancreatic autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes
(T1D). Islet autoantibodies recognize insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) …

A number of neurological syndromes have been described in patients with positive serum
antibodies (Abs) against the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), the rate limiting …

The autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) represent individual
heterogeneity with different disease entities. Although clinical and imaging features make it …

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease caused by the immune‐mediated destruction of
insulin‐producing pancreatic β cells. In recent years, the incidence of type 1 diabetes …

Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) is a rare autoimmune neurological disease attributable to
autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) more usually associated with the …

Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) is the prototypical and most common autoimmune neuronal
hyperexcitability disorder. It presents with stiffness in the limbs and axial muscles, stiff gait …

In this article, we review the current knowledge on pathological and physiological
autoantibodies directed toward structures in the central nervous system (CNS) with an …