The integrated stress response (ISR) is an evolutionarily conserved intra-cellular signaling
network which is activated in response to intrinsic and extrinsic stresses. Various stresses …

Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly contagious bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (Mtb), which has been ranked as the second leading cause of death worldwide …

Macrophage surface receptors are critical for pathogen defense, as they are the
gatekeepers for pathogen entry and sensing, which trigger robust immune responses …

Tuberculosis is a deadly, contagious respiratory disease that is caused by the pathogenic
bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Mtb is adept at manipulating and evading host …

ISG15 encoded by a type I interferon (IFN) inducible gene mediates an important cellular
process called ISGylation. ISGylation emerges as a powerful host tactic against intracellular …

Introduction As infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis progresses, the bacilli experience
various degrees of host stressors in the macrophage phagosome such as low pH, nutrient …

Although the importance of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA)
sensors in controlling viral infection is well established, their role in promoting an effective …

The differentiation and activation of macrophages are critical regulatory programs that are
central to host inflammation and pathogen defense. However, the transcriptional regulatory …

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)
and is one of the principal reasons for mortality and morbidity worldwide. Currently …

Tuberculosis (TB) represents a global public health threat and is a leading cause of
morbidity and mortality worldwide. Effective control of TB is complicated with the emergence …