Women are more likely than men to suffer from psychiatric disorders with hyperarousal
symptoms, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression. In contrast …

When a low-salience stimulus of any type of sensory modality—auditory, visual, tactile—
immediately precedes an unexpected startle-like stimulus, such as the acoustic startle reflex …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by multiple cognitive deficits including memory
and sensorimotor gating impairments as a result of neuronal and synaptic loss. The …

Inhibition plays a crucial role in many functional domains, such as cognition, emotion, and
actions. Studies on cognitive aging demonstrate changes in inhibitory mechanisms are age …

Rationale The contribution of norepinephrine on the different phases of spatial memory
processing remains incompletely understood. To address this gap, this study depleted …

Abstract N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP-4) is a noradrenergic
neurotoxin which selectively damages noradrenergic projections originating from the locus …

Cholinergic signaling is essential to mediate the auditory prepulse inhibition (PPI), an
operational measure of sensorimotor gating, that refers to the reduction of the acoustic …

The acoustic startle reflex (ASR) is a short and intense defensive reaction in response to a
loud and unexpected acoustic stimulus. In the rat, a primary startle pathway encompasses …

Visceral feedback from the body plays an important role in guiding motivated behaviors. For
example, sensory information from the gut during a state of negative energy balance …

Disruption in prepulse inhibition (PPI), a sensorimotor gating phenomenon found in many
species, has been associated with various psychiatric disorders in humans. Social defeat …