Immunological niches are focal sites of immune activity that can have varying
microenvironmental features. Hypoxia is a feature of physiological and pathological …

Oxygen availability varies throughout the human body in health and disease. Under
physiological conditions, oxygen availability drops from the lungs over the blood stream …

The extracellular domain of plasma membrane integrin αvβ3 contains a cell surface receptor
for thyroid hormone analogues. The receptor is largely expressed and activated in tumor …

Low‐lying placentas, placenta previa and abnormally invasive placentas are the most
frequently occurring placental abnormalities in location and anatomy. These conditions can …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a central role in tumor initiation, development,
immune escape, and clinical treatment. Hypoxia, an important characteristic of the TME …

BACKGROUND Initially identified as suppressors of metastasis in various types of cancer,
kisspeptins are a family of neuropeptides that are key regulators of the mammalian …

Maintaining the balance between eliciting immune responses against foreign proteins and
tolerating self-proteins is crucial for maintenance of homeostasis. The functions of …

Background Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related complication and the major cause to
maternal and fetal mortality. Despite extensive studies, the pathogenesis of this disease still …

BACKGROUND Villous cytotrophoblast (vCTB) is a precursor cell population that supports
the development of syncytiotrophoblast (vSTB), the high surface area barrier epithelium of …

Neovascularization is a key factor that contributes to tumor metastasis, and vasculogenic
mimicry (VM) is an important form of neovascularization found in highly invasive tumors …