Stroke, the third leading cause of death and disability worldwide, is undergoing a change in
perspective with the emergence of new ideas on neurodegeneration. The concept that …

Neurotransmitters serve as chemical messengers playing a crucial role in information
processing throughout the nervous system, and are essential for healthy physiological and …

Microglia are the main immune cells of the brain and contribute to common brain diseases.
However, it is unclear how microglia influence neuronal activity and survival in the injured …

Cell death research was revitalized by the understanding that necrosis can occur in a highly
regulated and genetically controlled manner. Although RIPK1 (receptor-interacting protein …

Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type within the central nervous system. They play
essential roles in maintaining normal brain function, as they are a critical structural and …

Protein kinase B (Akt), similar to many other protein kinases, is at the crossroads of cell
death and survival, playing a pivotal role in multiple interconnected cell signaling …

Abstract NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) receptors (NMDARs) play a central role in excitotoxic
neuronal death caused by ischemic stroke, but NMDAR channel blockers have failed to be …

N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which is an acetylated cysteine compound, has aroused scientific
interest for decades due to its important medical applications. It also represents a nutritional …

Turmeric is traditionally used as a spice and coloring in foods. It is an important ingredient in
curry and gives curry powder its characteristic yellow color. As a consequence of its intense …

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is recognized for its role in acetaminophen overdose and as a
mucolytic. Over the past decade, there has been growing evidence for the use of NAC in …