We investigated modulation schemes for realizing flexible line-rate PON. The flexibility can
be used to optimize PON resource usage. We considered cases based on experimental …

Optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) systems can support multiple classes of
service by differentiating code parameters, power level, and diversity order. In this paper, we …

Abstract Cyclic Sleep Mode (CSM) is a widely studied and standard energy conservation
technique for Passive Optical Networks (PONs). The energy savings provided by CSM …

We demonstrated a 40-Gb/s TDM-PON over a 42-km, 64-split fiber plant using optical
duobinary modulation. In the ONU, a 25 Gb/s APD-based receiver was used for a cost …

An Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) has the least energy consumption among
access network technologies and is the best candidate for improving energy consumption by …

We introduce adaptive coding and modulation (ACM) to direct-detection passive optical
networks (PONs) operating beyond 10 Gb/s per wavelength to allow each user to transmit at …

Due to the massive expansion of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
sector, the power consumption of this sector is rapidly increasing. Besides greenhouse gas …

Flexibility in future optical access networks Page 1 Flexibility in Future Optical Access
Networks Doutje van Veen and Vincent Houtsma Nokia Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA …

The analysis and performance of an efficient microwave coupler using asymmetrical
impedance matching are introduced aiming high-speed electro-optical space switches …

Due to continuously emerging high bandwidth applications, research and standardization of
time division multiplexed passive optical networks (TDM-PONs) have focused on increasing …