The conservation, restoration, and improved management of terrestrial forests significantly
contributes to mitigate climate change and its impacts, as well as providing numerous co …

Kelp forest ecosystems and their associated ecosystem services are declining around the
world. In response, marine managers are working to restore and counteract these declines …

Trophic downgrading destabilizes ecosystems and can drive large‐scale shifts in ecosystem
state. While restoring predatory interactions in marine reserves can reverse anthropogenic …

In an ocean that is rapidly warming and losing oxygen, accurate forecasting of species'
responses must consider how this environmental change affects fundamental aspects of …

Kelp and macroalgal forests provide the ecological foundations of many temperate rocky
reef ecosystems, but have regionally declined, often due to sea urchin overgrazing and the …

Sea urchin overgrazing is a leading cause of kelp forest loss and in such cases their
removal is increasingly advocated for kelp forest restoration. However, refining removal …

Kelp forests line a quarter of the world's coastlines and provide diverse ecosystem services.
While kelps are a harvested resource themselves, they are also foundation species that form …

The recent collapse of predatory sunflower sea stars (Pycnopodia helianthoides) owing to
sea star wasting disease (SSWD) is hypothesized to have contributed to proliferation of sea …

Aim Kelp forests throughout temperate regions of the world serve as foundation species that
play a critical role in sustaining the health and function of marine ecosystems but are …

Sea urchin overgrazing has caused widespread phase shifts from kelp forests to “urchin
barrens” on many temperate reefs, reducing habitat complexity, productivity, and …