Monetary sanctions, also known as legal financial obligations (LFOs), are a highly
consequential yet underexplored element of the criminal legal system. LFOs consist of fines …

Research on punishment and inequality finds that people with criminal records routinely
avoid systems of surveillance. Yet scholarship on monetary sanctions shows that many …

Child support arrears and criminal monetary sanctions are two forms of state-imposed debt
that have gained increasing attention for their role in perpetuating inequality. Although past …

Abstract In the United States, legal financial obligations (LFOs) include many types of
monetary sanctions. For example, fines are tied to specific offenses and imposed at …

Fiscal contrition refers to the phenomenon of policy‐makers becoming aware of the social
costs of fines and fees, recognizing a need to reduce those costs, and taking action to do so …

This study examines the intergenerational consequences of court-imposed monetary
sanctions for parents and children. Research on punishment and families has generally …

The courts and probation agencies regularly evaluate legal financial obligations (LFOs).
However, limited information is available about how people who are under probation …

Individuals on probation must obey requirements called probation conditions. Compliance
with probation conditions is mandatory; noncompliance can therefore lead to serious …

Fines and fees for legal violations finance American criminal justice systems but often at a
severe cost to those incurring fines and fees. While fines and fees are a long-standing …