Smoking is relevant to infectious diseases resulting in increased prevalence and mortality. In
this article, we aim to provide an overview of the effects of smoking in various infections and …

Gastric cancer (GC) is globally the fifth most common cancer and third leading cause of
cancer death. A complex disease arising from the interaction of environmental and host …

Invasive gastric carcinoma is preceded by a cascade of precancerous lesions. The first
recognized histologic change is active chronic inflammation, which may persist as such: non …

Helicobacter pylori is a class one carcinogen which causes chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric
intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and adenocarcinoma. The mechanisms by which H. pylori …

Metabolism, like other aspects of life, involves tradeoffs. Oxidant by-products of normal
metabolism cause extensive damage to DNA, protein, and lipid. We argue that this damage …

Evidence from pathology and epidemiology studies has been provided for a human model
of gastric carcinogenesis with the following sequential stages: chronic gastritis; atrophy; …

Background & Aims: A cascade of precursor lesions (eg, atrophic gastritis, intestinal
metaplasia, and dysplasia) precedes most gastric adenocarcinomas. Quantification of …

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: It is not known why some people with Helicobacter pylori
infection develop gastric cancer whereas others do not. Whether the CagA phenotype of H …

BACKGROUND & AIMS:: Genetic variations in proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory
cytokine genes influence individual response to carcinogenic exposures. Polymorphisms in …

Intestinal metaplasia (IM) of the gastric mucosa is a relatively frequent precancerous lesion
(1). The inclusion of IM in a gastric biopsy pathology report often creates uncertainty for the …