Pirfenidone (PFD) is a non-peptide synthetic chemical that inhibits the production of
transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), platelet …

Background Pirfenidone has demonstrated significant anti‐inflammatory and antifibrotic
effects in both animal models and some clinical trials. Its potential for antifibrotic activity …

The last 2 years have presented previously unforeseen challenges in pulmonary medicine.
Despite the significant impact of the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic on patients, clinicians and …

Background Data on the potential benefit of acute‐phase rehabilitation initiation in very old
(aged≥ 90) patients with acute heart failure (AHF) have been scarce. Methods We …

Introduction Air pollution has a significant impact on the morbidity and mortality of various
respiratory diseases. However, this has not been widely studied in diffuse interstitial lung …

OBJECTIVES: The benefits of early rehabilitation for patients with acute heart failure (HF)
requiring IV inotropic drugs have yet to be determined. We investigated the association …

Purpose The idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIP) constitute a large cohort of the over 200
subtypes of interstitial lung disease (ILD). Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most …

Introduction Major urban pollutants have a considerable influence on the natural history of
lung disease. However, this effect is not well known in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) …

Surgery is a fundamental element of health care. Every year, more than 300 million
surgeries are performed worldwide, and the number has continued to grow over the last …