The rapidly expanding interest in, and availability of, digital tomography data to visualize
casts of the vertebrate endocranial cavity housing the brain (endocasts) presents new …

The labyrinth of the vertebrate inner ear is a sensory system that governs the perception of
head rotations. Central hypotheses predict that labyrinth shape and size are related to …

Studies surrounding the evolution of sensory system anatomy in cetaceans over the last~
100 years have shed light on aspects of the early evolution of hearing sensitivities, the small …

Alcidedorbignya inopinata is a basal pantodont (Placentalia, Mammalia) of small body size,
from the early Palaeocene of the Santa Lucia Formation at Tiupampa, Bolivia. Tiupampa is …

Plesiosaurs are one of the longest-ranging tetrapod groups in the Mesozoic and underwent
a major adaptive radiation in the Late Triassic/Early Jurassic, so they are an ideal clade to …

A late Oligocene marine dolphin–Awamokoa tokarahi gen. et sp. nov.–from the Kokoamu
Greensand (Duntroonian stage, 25.2–27.3 Ma) of Tokarahi, North Otago, New Zealand, is a …

X-ray computed tomography (CT) provides a nondestructive means of studying the inside
and outside of objects. It allows accurate visualization and measurement of internal features …

Brain endocasts obtained from computed tomography (CT) are now widely used in the field
of comparative neuroanatomy. They provide an overview of the morphology of the brain and …

Endocasts provide a proxy for brain morphology but are rarely incorporated in phylogenetic
analyses despite the potential for new suites of characters. The phylogeny of Procyonidae, a …

The major increase in cetacean brain size happened in the middle Miocene, about 15
million years ago, and involved the modern oceanic dolphin lineage Delphinoidea. In this …