Viral infections impose a great threat to backyard chicken production among poor rural
households in developing countries. These infections limit the contribution of chicken …

Newcastle disease (ND) has been a great threat to the poultry industry and causing huge
economic losses to farmers. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was first reported in 1926. Since …

Newcastle disease, caused by Avian avulavirus 1 (AAvV 1), is endemic to many developing
countries around the globe including Pakistan. Frequent epidemics are not uncommon even …

Chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) is among the naturally occurring viruses that cause
immunosuppression in chickens. In the present study, the impact of CIAV infection on both …

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was first reported in 1926. Since then, the NDV has been
prevalent in domestic and wild birds representing a diverse and continually evolving group …

Newcastle disease (ND) is a frequently reported disease in poultry among both vaccinated
and non-vaccinated flocks in Pakistan. During 2011-2012 poultry industry in Punjab, mainly …

Due to its high prevalence and rapid spread, Newcastle disease is considered a deadly viral
disease for the poultry industry worldwide. The uncontrolled and unplanned use of the …

The poultry industry is affected by many epidemics and Newcastle Disease (ND) is a
constant threat, known as a devastating disease for poultry farmers around the world …

Newcastle Disease is still endemic in Pakistan's poultry industry and responsible for great
economic losses and high mortalities. Avian Influenza Virus has been involved in production …

Newcastle disease is caused by Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) leads to severe morbidity
and mortality in poultry throughout the world and considered as lentogenic, mesogenic or …