The forest restoration challenge (globally 2 billion ha) and the prospect of changing climate
with increasing frequency of extreme events argues for approaching restoration from a …

Forest restoration is a strategy to reverse forest loss and degradation. We overviewed
deforestation in the period 1975–2018 in the Brazilian Amazon and the projects, techniques …

Research Highlights: The global Forest Landscape Restoration ambitions could be impaired
by projects that ignore key principles such as the engagement of local communities in …

Conventions and policies for biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation state
the need for increased protection, restoration and climate change adaptation of forests …

Tree planting has been widely touted as an inexpensive way to meet multiple international
environmental goals for mitigating climate change, reversing landscape degradation and …

Key message There is no one-size-fits-all way to successfully implement forest landscape
restoration (FLR). Complex socio-ecological systems present challenges and opportunities …

Transformative adaptation will be increasingly important to effectively address the impacts of
climate change and other global drivers on social-ecological systems. Enabling …

Natural forest succession after disturbances is one of the most important restoration
strategies. However, the responses of ecosystem multifunctionality during natural forest …

The concept of forest degradation tends to be addressed in broad terms, and existing
definitions are difficult to apply in practice. These definitions are based on a reduction in the …

The concept of forest landscape restoration (FLR) is being widely adopted around the globe
by governmental, non‐governmental agencies, and the private sector, all of whom see FLR …