Modeling micro-mixing remains a primary challenge for the transported probability density function (TPDF) method. In this study, the pairwise mixing with kernel constraint (KerM) …
An experimental and numerical model to determine the exergy balance based on flow availability and availability transfer in the process of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)/air …
Large eddy simulation (LES) combined with filtered density function (FDF), ie, LES/FDF, is an effective approach for high-fidelity simulation of turbulent flames. In this work, LES/FDF …