The mammalian CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP1B1 genes (encoding cytochromes P450 1A1,
1A2, and 1B1, respectively) are regulated by the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). The …

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are responsible for the biotransformation of drugs,
xenobiotics, and endogenous substances. This enzymatic activity can be modulated by …

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) plays a central role in folate metabolism that
affects DNA methylation and synthesis. Because germ-line mutations at nucleotides 677 …

There is increasing information available on the existence of polymorphisms in genes
encoding xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and the functional significance of many of these …

Abstract Cytochrome 450 (CYP450) designates a group of enzymes abundant in smooth
endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes and epithelial cells of small intestines. The main …

Multiple genes have been studied for potential associations with lung cancer. The gene
most frequently associated with increased risk has been glutathione S-transferase M1 …

There is wide variability in the response of individuals to standard doses of drug therapy.
This is an important problem in clinical practice, where it can lead to therapeutic failures or …

Abstract Cytochrome P450 2A13 (CYP2A13), an enzyme expressed predominantly in the
human respiratory tract, exhibits high efficiency in the metabolic activation of tobacco …

Abstract Cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 1A1 plays a key role in phase I metabolism of polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons and in estrogen metabolism. It is expressed predominantly in …

The cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily of enzymes catalyse one of the first steps in the
metabolism of carcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nitroaromatics and …