Traumatic brain injury leads to cellular damage which in turn results in the rapid release of
damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that prompt resident cells to release …

The CNS is endowed with an elaborated response repertoire termed'neuroinflammation',
which enables it to cope with pathogens, toxins, traumata and degeneration. On the basis of …

Epilepsy is the third most common chronic brain disorder, and is characterized by an
enduring predisposition to generate seizures. Despite progress in pharmacological and …

Astrocytes are key homeostatic regulators in the central nervous system and play important
roles in physiology. After brain damage caused by eg, status epilepticus, traumatic brain …

Abstract Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine originally identified almost 30 years ago as a B-cell
differentiation factor, capable of inducing the maturation of B cells into antibody-producing …

Epilepsy is a group of chronic neurological disorders that have diverse etiologies but are
commonly characterized by spontaneous seizures and behavioral comorbidities. Although …

One compelling challenge in the therapy of epilepsy is to develop anti-epileptogenic drugs
with an impact on the disease progression. The search for novel targets has focused …

I. Introduction THE existence of mechanisms that provide immunity to an infective agent was
inferred from empirical observations obtained through the ingenuity and deductive capacity …

Inflammatory reactions occur in the brain in various CNS diseases, including autoimmune,
neurodegenerative, and epileptic disorders. Proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines …

Contrary to previous dogmas, it is now well established that brain cells can produce
cytokines and chemokines, and can express adhesion molecules that enable an in situ …