Vaccination affords protection from disease by activating pathogen-specific immune cells
and facilitating the development of persistent immunologic memory toward the vaccine …

Second-generation chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) retarget and reprogramme T cells to
augment their antitumour efficacy. The combined activating and co-stimulatory domains …

During activation, T cells undergo extensive gene expression changes that shape the
properties of cells to exert their effector function. Understanding the regulation of this …

Microglia are critical in brain development and Alzheimer's disease (AD) etiology. Down
syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic developmental disorder and risk factor for AD …

Antigen-experienced memory T cells acquire effector function with innate-like kinetics;
however, the metabolic requirements of these cells are unknown. Here we show that rapid …

Emerging reports show that metabolic pathways can be targeted to enhance T cell-mediated
immunity to tumors. Yet, tumors consume key metabolites in the host to survive, thus robbing …

T cell receptor (TCR) signaling without CD28 can elicit primary effector T cells, but memory T
cells generated during this process are anergic, failing to respond to secondary antigen …

Positive and negative costimulation by members of the CD28 family is critical for the
development of productive immune responses against foreign pathogens and their proper …

We found upregulation of expression of the microRNA miR-155 in primary effector and
effector memory CD8+ T cells, but low miR-155 expression in naive and central memory …

CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells (T RM cells) are poised at the portals of infection and
provide long-term protective immunity. Despite their critical roles, the precise mechanics …