Wood resources have been essential for human welfare throughout history. Also nowadays,
the volume of growing stock (GS) is considered one of the most important forest attributes …

This paper is a concise explanation of the normative background to strength grading in
Europe, addressing important aspects that are commonly misunderstood by structural …

Key message Industrial computed tomography scanning of logs provides detailed
information on timber quality prior to sawing. A sawing simulation—considering log rotation …

(1) The early assessment of wood quality, even while trees are standing, provides significant
benefits for forest management, sales efficiency, and market diversification. Its definition …

Key message Mechanical properties of small-diameter round timber from hardwood
thinnings of common alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.), European ash (Fraxinus excelsior …

Context Mechanical wood properties are increasingly relevant for structural applications and
are influenced by growing space availability. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) …

In Ireland, most structural timber from Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis [Bong.] Carr.) is
machine graded into C16 strength class. However, timber from early thinnings is mostly …

Key message The potential of European National Forest Inventories to harmonise stem
quality estimation in European forests was identified despite considerable differences in …

The qualitative evaluation of harvested raw logs and sawlogs is mainly based on the
quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the visible macroscopic features of the wood …

Proper quality assessment of timber requires a certain level of knowledge and overview of
technical conditions and correct identification and assessment of the qualitative features of …