Background During the aging process, physical capabilities (eg, muscular strength) and
cognitive functions (eg, memory) gradually decrease. Regarding cognitive functions …

The insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I and IGF-II) and their receptors are widely expressed in
nervous tissue from early embryonic life. They also cross the blood brain barriers by active …

Anthocyanins are mainly purple-coloured phenolic compounds of plant origin that as
secondary metabolites are important in plant survival. Understanding their health benefits in …

Insulin plays a major neuroprotective and trophic function for cerebral cell population, thus
countering apoptosis, beta-amyloid toxicity, and oxidative stress; favoring neuronal survival; …

Primary cilia detect extracellular cues and transduce these signals into cells to regulate
proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Here, the function of primary cilia as signaling …

Neurotrophic factors (NTFs) are involved in the pathophysiology of neurological disorders
such as dementia, stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI), and constitute molecular targets of …

Background Data about the effects of resistance exercise on level of IGF-1 in the serum are
conflicting. To resolve this inconsistency, we performed a systematic review and meta …

Although the brain was once considered an insulin‐independent organ, insulin signalling is
now recognised as being central to neuronal health and to the function of synapses and …

While insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) is a well‐established modulator of aging and
longevity in model organisms, its role in humans has been controversial. In this study, we …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurocognitive disorder and a global health
problem. The prevalence of AD is growing dramatically, especially in low‐and middle …