Plants cannot move, so they must endure abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity and
extreme temperatures. These stressors greatly limit the distribution of plants, alter their …

Global warming impacts crop production and threatens food security. Elevated temperatures
are sensed by different cell components. Temperature increases are classified as either mild …

Abiotic stresses and soil nutrient limitations are major environmental conditions that reduce
plant growth, productivity and quality. Plants have evolved mechanisms to perceive these …

Global warming has increased the frequency of extreme high temperature events. High
temperature is a major abiotic stress that limits the growth and production of plants …

Temperature is a key factor governing the growth and development, distribution, and
seasonal behavior of plants. The entire plant life cycle is affected by environmental …

The hypersensitive defence response is found in all higher plants and is characterized by a
rapid cell death at the point of pathogen ingress. It is usually associated with pathogen …

Contents Summary I. Introduction II. Cold stress and physiological responses in plants III.
Sensing of cold signals in plants IV. Messenger molecules involved in cold signal …

The major natural auxin in plants, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), orchestrates a plethora of
developmental responses that largely depend on the formation of auxin concentration …

As sessile organisms, plants must cope with abiotic stress such as soil salinity, drought, and
extreme temperatures. Core stress-signaling pathways involve protein kinases related to the …

Plants constantly monitor and cope with the fluctuating environment while hosting a diversity
of plant‐inhabiting microbes. The mode and outcome of plant–microbe interactions …