The paradigm of surface-expressed programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1) signalling to
immune cell programmed death 1 (PD1) to inhibit antitumour immunity has helped to …

Metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic modifications are hallmarks of cancer cells. In
cancer cells, metabolic pathway activity varies during tumorigenesis and cancer …

The two T cell inhibitory receptors PD-1 and TIM-3 are co-expressed during exhausted T cell
differentiation, and recent evidence suggests that their crosstalk regulates T cell exhaustion …

N-linked glycosylation is a post-translational modification crucial for membrane protein
folding, stability and other cellular functions. Alteration of membrane protein N-glycans is …

The cellular processes that govern tumor resistance to immunotherapy remain poorly
understood. To gain insight into these processes, here we perform a genome-scale CRISPR …

Small molecule immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-1 and other pathways may offer
advantages including ease of dosing, ability to manage immune-related adverse events …

Cancer immunotherapy in the form of immune checkpoint inhibitors and cellular therapies
has improved the treatment and prognosis of many patients. Nevertheless, most cancers are …

N-linked glycosylation is one of the most abundant posttranslational modifications of
membrane-bound proteins in eukaryotes and affects a number of biological activities …

Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) is a checkpoint receptor expressed on the surface
of various immune cells. PD-L1, the natural receptor for PD-1, is mainly expressed in tumor …

The B7/CD28 families of immune checkpoints play vital roles in negatively or positively
regulating immune cells in homeostasis and various diseases. Recent basic and clinical …