In environmental magnetism, rock and mineral magnetic techniques are used to investigate
the formation, transportation, deposition, and postdepositional alterations of magnetic …

Large rivers create major gaps in reef distribution along tropical shelves. The Amazon River
represents 20% of the global riverine discharge to the ocean, generating up to a 1.3× 106 …

The fish faunas of continental South and Central America constitute one of the greatest
concentrations of aquatic diversity on Earth, consisting of about 10 percent of all living …

Submarine landslides are a critical geological process that significantly influences seafloor
stability and geological evolution, making them a focal point of geological disaster research …

Amazonian Dark Earths (ADEs), locally known as terra preta, are dark soils with highly
elevated nutrients and organic matter that are distributed widely throughout Amazônia (Kern …

A major obstacle to our ability to assess future impacts of climate and human activities on the
global sediment system is the lack of suitable timescales over which long-term processes …

This chapter summarizes our current knowledge on the mean climatological features of
Amazonia. Significant uncertainties remain in our understanding of the complex dynamics of …

During the latest Pleistocene-earliest Holocene, South American terrestrial vertebrate
faunas suffered one of the largest (and probably the youngest) extinction in the world for this …

In northern Chile, precipitation in the High Andes (> 3500 m) recharges groundwater
systems that flow down the Pacific slope and feed large aquifers in the hyperarid Atacama …

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the gravity processes and deposits on
continental slope, rise, and abyssal plains. The impact on human infrastructure helps in …