The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported that Saudi Arabia ranks the second
highest in the Middle East, and is seventh in the world for the rate of diabetes. It is estimated …

Purpose To develop and validate the performance of a high myopia (HM)-specific normative
database of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness in differentiating HM …

Objective The fact that population with type 2 diabetes mellitus and bodyweight of patients
are increasing but diabetes care is improving makes it important to explore the up-to-date …

Aims: To investigate the loss of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in type-2 diabetic patients
with early-stage diabetic retinopathy (DR) and to identify potential risk factors accounting for …

Background The level of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) is positively associated with
intraocular pressure. Diabetes causes early structural changes of retina, especially on …

Purpose: To evaluate the potential causal associations between type 2 diabetes and fasting
glucose and HbA1c levels and the risk of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in …

Purpose To assess the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between chronic
kidney disease (CKD) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness in a UK …

Diabetes-induced retinal neurodegeneration occurs before visible microvascular
abnormalities. Hyperglycemia-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (ERS) and …

Purpose To investigate the relationship between renal function and primary open-angle
glaucoma (POAG) in a South Korean population. Design A population-based, cross …

Current methods of evaluating the degree of diabetic retinopathy are highly subjective and
have no quantitative standard. To objectively evaluate the slight changes in tissue structure …