The immune system is one of the most important, complex biological networks regulating
and protecting human health. Its precise modulation can prevent deadly infections and fight …

ABSTRACT Introduction The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused
devastating human and economic costs. Vaccination is an important step in controlling the …

Metabolic reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and poor immunogenicity
are two of the challenges that cancer immunotherapies have to overcome for improved …

Bolus vaccines are often administered multiple times due to rapid clearance and reduced
transportation to draining lymph nodes resulting in inadequate activation of T and B …

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), with different
antigenic variants, has posed a significant threat to public health. It is urgent to develop …

Intranasal vaccines, eliciting mucosal immune responses, can prevent early invasion,
replication, and transmission of pathogens in the respiratory tract. However, the effective …

Hydrogel scaffolds have numerous potential applications in the tissue engineering field.
However, tough hydrogel scaffolds implanted in vivo are seldom reported because it is …

Most vaccines require several immunizations to induce robust immunity, and indeed, most
SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines require an initial two‐shot regimen followed by several boosters to …

Biomaterials are substances that can be injected, implanted, or applied to the surface of
tissues in biomedical applications and have the ability to interact with biological systems to …

Highlights•Nanosponges are explored for their antiviral delivery and biological
neutralization potentials.•Cellular nanosponges block interactions between SARS-CoV-2 …