Autophagy is a mechanism by which cellular material is delivered to lysosomes for
degradation, leading to the basal turnover of cell components and providing energy and …

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), a category of transmembrane receptors, have gained
significant clinical attention in oncology due to their central role in cancer pathogenesis …

Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are well-known 4-aminoquinoline
antimalarial agents. Scientific evidence also supports the use of CQ and HCQ in the …

Similar to normal tissue, many tumors have a hierarchical organization where tumorigenic
cancer stem cells (CSCs) differentiate into non-tumorigenic progenies. A host of studies …

Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common and deadly solid tumour in children. Despite the
development of new treatment options for high-risk NB, over half of patients relapse and five …

Autophagy is a self-degradative cellular process, involved in stress response such as
starvation, hypoxia, and oxidative stress. This mechanism balances macro-molecule …

Resistance to therapy is one of the prime causes for treatment failure in cancer and recurrent
disease. In recent years, autophagy has emerged as an important cell survival mechanism …

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide with a 5-year survival
rate of less than 15%, despite significant advances in both diagnostic and therapeutic …

The anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene plays an important physiologic role in the
development of the brain and can be oncogenically altered in several malignancies …

Lung cancer is treated with many conventional therapies, such as surgery, radiation, and
chemotherapy. However, these therapies have multiple undesirable side effects. To bypass …