Symbiosis between organisms is an important driving force in evolution. Among the diverse
relationships described, extensive progress has been made in insect–bacteria symbiosis …

Highlights•Omics report global patterns of metabolic function in insect–microbial
symbioses.•Genes identified from metagenomics define capacity for metabolic …

Understanding how horizontally transmitted mutualisms are maintained is a major focus of
symbiosis research. 1, 2, 3, 4 Unlike vertical transmission, hosts that rely on horizontal …

Key features: Presents a brief history of past classifications, a summary of present
classification, and speculation on how the classification may evolve in the future Includes …

Reductive genome evolution has purged many metabolic pathways from obligate
intracellular Rickettsia (Alphaproteobacteria; Rickettsiaceae). While some aspects of host …

Abstract Background Halyomorpha halys (Stål), the brown marmorated stink bug, is a highly
invasive insect species due in part to its exceptionally high levels of polyphagy. This species …

Arsenophonus is a widespread insect symbiont with life strategies that vary from parasitism
to obligate mutualism. In insects living exclusively on vertebrate blood, mutualistic …

Symbiotic mutualisms of bacteria and animals are ubiquitous in nature, running a continuum
from facultative to obligate from the perspectives of both partners. The loss of functions …

Virtually all aphids (Aphididae) harbor Buchnera aphidicola as an obligate endosymbiont to
compensate nutritional deficiencies arising from their phloem diet. Many species within the …

Ambrosia beetles are fungal-growing insects excavating galleries deep inside the wood.
Their success as invaders increased scientific interest towards them. However, most studies …