Over the past three decades, the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect has
been considered the basis of tumor-targeted drug delivery. Various cancer nanomedicines …

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is one of the major components of tumors that plays multiple
crucial roles, including mechanical support, modulation of the microenvironment, and a …

Nanoparticles enter tumours through endothelial cells, gaps or other mechanisms, but how
they exit is unclear. The current paradigm states that collapsed tumour lymphatic vessels …

Photodynamic therapy is an alternative treatment mainly for cancer but also for bacterial
infections. This treatment dates back to 1900 when a German medical school graduate …

Abstract The Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect has been recognized as the
central paradigm in tumor-targeted delivery in the last decades. In the wake of this concept …

Many efforts have been made to achieve targeted delivery of anticancer drugs to enhance
their efficacy and to reduce their adverse effects. These efforts include the development of …

The dense stroma of desmoplastic tumor limits nanotherapeutic penetration and hampers
the antitumor immune response. Here, we report a denaturation-and-penetration strategy …

As immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducers initiating antitumor immune responses, certain
chemotherapeutic drugs have shown considerable potential to reverse the …

Despite the exciting breakthroughs in medical technology, cancer still accounts for one of
the principle triggers of death and conventional therapeutic modalities often fail to attain an …

The administration of nanoparticles (NPs) first faces the challenges of evading renal filtration
and clearance of reticuloendothelial system (RES). After that, NPs infiltrate through the …