Micro RNA s (mi RNA s) are small non‐coding RNA s, of typically 20–24 nt, that regulate
gene expression post‐transcriptionally through sequence complementarity. Since the …

Alternative splicing occurs in all eukaryotic organisms. Since the first description of
multiexon genes and the splicing machinery, the field has expanded rapidly, especially in …

Distyly has evolved independently in numerous animal‐pollinated angiosperm lineages.
Understanding of its molecular basis has been restricted to a few species, primarily Primula …

In Arabidopsis thaliana, the MOS4-ASSOCIATED COMPLEX (MAC) is required for defense
and development. The evolutionarily conserved, putative RNA helicase MAC7 is a …

Small regulatory RNAs guide gene silencing at the DNA or RNA level through repression of
complementary sequences. The two main forms of small RNAs are microRNA (miRNA) and …

Plants are often exposed not only to short-term (S-) but also to long-term (L-) heat stress over
several consecutive days. A few Arabidopsis mutants defective in L-heat tolerance have …

Plants are constantly confronted by a multitude of biotic stresses involving a myriad of
pathogens. In crops, pathogen infections result in significant agronomical losses worldwide …

DNA damage response is a fundamental mechanism to maintain genome stability. The ATR-
WEE1 kinase module plays a central role in response to replication stress. Although the ATR …

Natural genetic variation has facilitated the identification of genes underlying complex traits
such as stress tolerances. We here evaluated the long-term (L-) heat tolerance (37° C for 5 …

Introduction Citrus is an important fruit crop for human health. The sensitivity of citrus trees to
a wide range of abiotic stresses is a major challenge for their overall growth and productivity …