The brain is worthy of study because it is in charge of behavior. A flurry of recent technical
advances in measuring and quantifying naturalistic behaviors provide an important …

Brains contain networks of interconnected neurons and so knowing the network architecture
is essential for understanding brain function. We therefore mapped the synaptic-resolution …

Nociception refers to the process of encoding and processing noxious stimuli, which allow
animals to detect and avoid potentially harmful stimuli. Several types of stimuli can trigger …

Natural events present multiple types of sensory cues, each detected by a specialized
sensory modality. Combining information from several modalities is essential for the …

The identification of active neurons and circuits in vivo is a fundamental challenge in
understanding the neural basis of behavior. Genetically encoded calcium (Ca2+) indicators …

Dopaminergic neurons (DANs) drive learning across the animal kingdom, but the upstream
circuits that regulate their activity and thereby learning remain poorly understood. We …

A single nervous system can generate many distinct motor patterns. Identifying which
neurons and circuits control which behaviors has been a laborious piecemeal process …

Even a simple sensory stimulus can elicit distinct innate behaviors and sequences. During
sensorimotor decisions, competitive interactions among neurons that promote distinct …

Animals move by adaptively coordinating the sequential activation of muscles. The circuit
mechanisms underlying coordinated locomotion are poorly understood. Here, we report on …

Animal behavior is shaped both by evolution and by individual experience. Parallel brain
pathways encode innate and learned valences of cues, but the way in which they are …