INTRODUCTION In human cells, 2 m of DNA are compacted in the nucleus through
assembly with histones and other proteins into chromatin structures, megabase three …

Eukaryotic genomic DNA is combined with histones, nonhistone proteins, and RNA to form
chromatin, which is extensively packaged hierarchically to fit inside a cell's nucleus. The …

The organisation of chromatin is first discussed to conclude that nucleosomes play both
structural and transcription-regulatory roles. The presence of nucleosomes makes difficult …

The molecular support of genetic information, DNA, has to be packaged and organized
inside the tiny volume of nuclei, cells, or virus capsids, in an ordered and dynamical way …

The folding of the chromatin filament and, in particular, the organization of genomic DNA
within metaphase chromosomes has attracted the interest of many laboratories during the …

Cryo‐electron tomography and small‐angle X‐ray scattering were used to investigate the
chromatin folding in metaphase chromosomes. The tomographic 3D reconstructions show …

Research on the formation of mitotic chromosomes from interphase chromatin domains,
ongoing for several decades, made significant progress in recent years. It was stimulated by …

The three-dimensional organization of tightly condensed chromatin within metaphase
chromosomes has been one of the most challenging problems in structural biology since the …

Experimental evidence indicates that the chromatin filament is self‐organized into a
multilayer planar structure that is densely stacked in metaphase and unstacked in …

This perspective aims to identify the relationships between the structural and dynamic
properties of chromosomes and the fundamental properties of soft-matter systems …