Optical character recognition (OCR) is essential in various real-world applications, such as
digitizing learning resources to assist visually impaired people and transforming printed …

Abstract Optical Character Recognition OCR is an essential part of many real-world
applications such as digital archiving, automatic number plate recognition, handle cheques …

In this paper, we present multi-font printed Arabic text recognition using hidden Markov
models (HMMs). We propose a novel approach to the sliding window technique for feature …

In the emerging age of technologies, machines are becoming more and more skilled and
capable just like humans. Despite the fact that machines do not have their own intelligence …

Optical character recognition (OCR) is widely used in various real-world applications, such
as digitizing learning resources, to assist visually impaired people and transform printed …

Abstract Bernoulli HMMs are conventional HMMs in which the emission probabilities are
modeled with Bernoulli mixtures. They have recently been applied, with good results, in off …

The recognition of Arabic text, in both handwritten and printed forms, represents a fertile
provenance of technical difficulties for Optical Character Recognition (OCR). Indeed, the …

Unconstrained text recognition is a stimulating field in the branch of pattern recognition. This
field is still an open search due to the unlimited vocabulary, multi styles, mixed-font and their …

Handwritten text recognition is an active and challenging area of research in the field of
pattern recognition. This area of research although, witnessing great progress in recent …

Some Arabic characters change their shapes according to the place where they occur in the
word. Most of them have four shapes: isolated, initial, medial, and final. Some Arabic letters …