Objectives: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most disabling mental illnesses
and it has a significant impact on society. This review aims to provide updated scientific …

Background: Many studies report a positive association between smoking and mental
illness. However, the literature remains mixed regarding the direction of this association. We …

Background We now know that depression is associated with a chronic, low-grade
inflammatory response and activation of cell-mediated immunity, as well as activation of the …

Bipolar disorder is a recurrent disorder that affects more than 1% of the world population and
usually has its onset during youth. Its chronic course is associated with high rates of …

Schizophrenia risk has often been conceptualized using a model which requires two hits in
order to generate the clinical phenotype—the first as an early priming in a genetically …

The prevalence of depression appears to have increased over the past three decades.
While this may be an artefact of diagnostic practices, it is likely that there are factors about …

Purpose: Based on resilience theory, this paper investigates the influence of key health
indicators and risk and protective factors on health outcomes (including general health …

Many studies support a crucial role for oxidative & nitrosative stress (O&NS) in the
pathophysiology of unipolar and bipolar depression. These disorders are characterized inter …

Objective Key biological factors that influence the development of depression are modified
by diet. This study examined the extent to which the high-prevalence mental disorders are …

Background Recent evidence suggests that diet modifies key biological factors associated
with the development of depression; however, associations between diet quality and …