As one of the most successful therapeutic target families, G protein-coupled receptors
(GPCRs) have experienced a transformation from random ligand screening to knowledge …

Equilibrium fluctuations and triggered conformational changes often underlie the functional
cycles of membrane proteins. For example, transporters mediate the passage of molecules …

Neuropsychiatric disorders are multifactorial disorders with diverse aetiological factors.
Identifying treatment targets is challenging because the diseases are resulting from …

Two-thirds of human hormones and one-third of clinical drugs activate~ 350 G-protein-
coupled receptors (GPCR) belonging to four classes: A, B1, C and F. Whereas a model of …

The oncoprotein Smoothened (SMO), a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) of the Frizzled-
class (class-F), transduces the Hedgehog signal from the tumour suppressor Patched-1 …

Frizzleds (Fzd) are the primary receptors for Wnt morphogens, which are essential
regulators of stem cell biology, yet the structural basis of Wnt signaling through Fzd remains …

Abstract Frizzled (Fzd) proteins are Wnt receptors and play essential roles in development,
homeostasis, and oncogenesis. How Wnt/Fzd signaling is coupled to physiological …

Wnt signaling plays fundamental roles in organogenesis, tissue regeneration and cancer,
but high-resolution structural information of mammalian Wnt proteins is lacking. We solved a …

Wnts are evolutionarily conserved ligands that signal at short range to regulate
morphogenesis, cell fate, and stem cell renewal. The first and essential steps in Wnt …

Developing synapses mature through the recruitment of specific proteins that stabilize
presynaptic and postsynaptic structure and function. Wnt ligands signaling via Frizzled (Fz) …