To enhance weak sounds while compressing the dynamic intensity range, auditory sensory
cells amplify sound-induced vibrations in a nonlinear, intensity-dependent manner. In the …

The frog inner ear contains three regions that are sensitive to airborne sound and which are
functionally distinct.(1) The responses of nerve fibres innervating the low-frequency, rostral …

Detection of low-level sounds by the mammalian cochlea requires electromechanical
feedback from outer hair cells (OHCs). This feedback arises due to the electromotile …

A model of cochlear mechanics is described in which force-producing outer hair cells (OHC)
are embedded in a passive cochlear partition. The OHC mechanoelectrical transduction …

As a result of the cochlea's nonlinear mechanics, stimulation by two tones results in the
generation of distortion products (DPs) at frequencies flanking the primary tones. DPs are …

Middle-ear circuit model parameters are selected to produce overall magnitude and phase
agreement with pressure to stapes velocity transfer function measurements made on 16 …

For evoked otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), the stimulus and emission signals traverse the
middle ear (ME) in forward and reverse directions, respectively. In this study, a fully coupled …

Our ability to hear depends primarily on sound waves traveling through the outer and middle
ear toward the inner ear. Hence, the characteristics of the outer and middle ear affect sound …

Based on comparisons of ear canal and scala vestibuli pressures the gerbil middle ear
transmits sound with a gain of∼ 25dB that is almost flat from 2 to 40kHz, and with a delay …

Recent in vivo recordings from the mammalian cochlea indicate that although the motion of
the basilar membrane appears actively amplified and nonlinear only at frequencies …