Balanced general anesthesia, the most common management strategy used in anesthesia
care, entails the administration of different drugs together to create the anesthetic state …

General anesthesia is characterized by loss of consciousness, amnesia, analgesia, and
immobility. Important molecular targets of general anesthetics have been identified, but the …

Background The delirium-sparing effect of nighttime dexmedetomidine has not been studied
after surgery. We hypothesised that a nighttime dose of dexmedetomidine would reduce the …

Highlights•Neural oscillations provide a framework for comparing general anesthesia and
sleep.•Anesthetic drugs do not induce the physiological neural oscillations of sleep.•Non …

Objectives: Basic science and clinical studies suggest that sleep disturbance may be a
modifiable risk factor for postoperative delirium. We aimed to assess the association …

Objectives Sleep, which comprises of rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM stages 1–3
(N1–N3), is a natural occurring state of decreased arousal that is crucial for normal …

Over the past few years, despite the lack of approved pediatric labelling, dexmedetomidine's
(DEX) use has become more prevalent in pediatric clinical practice as well as in research …

BACKGROUND: Inflammation initiated by damage-associated molecular patterns has been
implicated for the cognitive decline associated with surgical trauma and serious illness. We …

Background A clear understanding of the neural basis of consciousness is fundamental to
research in clinical and basic neuroscience disciplines, and anesthesia. Recently …

State-dependent activity of locus ceruleus (LC) neurons has long suggested a role for
noradrenergic modulation of arousal. However, in vivo insights into noradrenergic arousal …