Climate change (CC) is a key, global driver of change of marine ecosystems. At local and
regional scales, other local human stressors (LS) can interact with CC and modify its effects …

Concern is growing about the potential effects of interacting multiple stressors, especially as
the global climate changes. We provide a comprehensive review of multiple stressor …

Human pressures on the ocean are thought to be increasing globally, yet we know little
about their patterns of cumulative change, which pressures are most responsible for change …

Management of marine ecosystems requires spatial information on current impacts. In
several marine regions, including the Mediterranean and Black Sea, legal mandates and …

Aim A large body of knowledge exists on individual anthropogenic threats that have an
impact on marine biodiversity in the Mediterranean Sea, although we know little about how …

Coastal marine habitats at the interface of land and sea are subject to threats from human
activities in both realms. Researchers have attempted to quantify how these various threats …

Marine ecosystems are increasingly threatened by the cumulative effects of multiple human
pressures. Cumulative effect assessments (CEAs) are needed to inform environmental …

Global seagrass habitats are threatened by multiple anthropogenic factors. Effective
management of seagrasses requires information on the relative impacts of threats; however …

Efforts to understand and map cumulative impacts of human activities on ecosystems have
gained new interest and relevance as management moves towards ecosystem‐based …

Anthropogenic disturbances are posing unprecedented challenges to the persistence of
ecosystems worldwide. The speed at which these disturbances reach an ecosystem's …