Chronic pain (CP) and opioid use disorder (OUD) remain challenging complex public health
concerns. This is an updated review on the relationship between CP and OUD and the use …

Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5). 1 The term “opioid” refers to any substance that acts
at opioid receptors, including prescription medications, such as morphine, and illicit drugs …

Background and aims While the Nordic countries have considerably stricter controls on
opioid prescribing for chronic non-cancer pain than other countries, previous research has …

It is generally accepted that chronic opioid use is associated with structural and functional
changes in the human brain that lead to an enhancement of impulsive behavior for …

Introduction: Opioid addiction is a worldwide disease with a significant impact. A multitude of
physical and mental comorbidities are associated with opioid addiction, pain being one of …

Background Retention in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is associated with
reduced illicit drug use, criminal activity, and mortality; however, many clients move in and …

The complexity of treating concurrent pain and opioid dependence among many methadone-
maintained individuals presents a major challenge in many clinical settings. Furthermore …

Introduction Persistent pain has been recognized as an important motivator that can lead
individuals to misuse opioids. New approaches are needed to test pain treatments that can …

The current opioid crisis in North America has strengthened the boundary between “genuine
chronic pain patients” and “drug addicts,” though these categories are not mutually …

Background While a number of pharmacological interventions exist for the treatment of
opioid use disorder, evidence evaluating the effect of pain on substance use behavior …