Insulin resistance is the pivotal pathogenic component of many metabolic diseases,
including type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is defined as a state of reduced responsiveness of …

The centenary of insulin discovery represents an important opportunity to transform diabetes
from a fatal diagnosis into a medically manageable chronic condition. Insulin is a key …

Abstract Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a stress-inducible hormone that has
important roles in regulating energy balance and glucose and lipid homeostasis through a …

Adipose tissues are dynamic tissues that play crucial physiological roles in maintaining
health and homeostasis. Although white adipose tissue and brown adipose tissue are …

Background & Aims Increased de novo lipogenesis creates excess intrahepatic fat and
lipotoxins, propagating liver damage in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. TVB-2640, a fatty acid …

As a non-canonical fibroblast growth factor, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) functions as
an endocrine hormone that signals to distinct targets throughout the body. Interest in …

Bile acids facilitate nutrient absorption and are endogenous ligands for nuclear receptors
that regulate lipid and energy metabolism. The brain–gut–liver axis plays an essential role in …

Metabolism research has made tremendous progress over the last several decades in
establishing the adipocyte as a central rheostat in the regulation of systemic nutrient and …

The rising global prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes has driven
a sharp increase in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by excessive fat …

The signaling component of the mammalian Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) family is
comprised of eighteen secreted proteins that interact with four signaling tyrosine kinase FGF …