Why do shops cluster in shopping streets? We argue that retail firms benefit from shopping
externalities. We identify these externalities for the main Dutch shopping streets by …

Is online retail a complement or substitute to local offline economies? This paper provides
the first evidence that consumers use time saved from online retail to increase their trips for …

This paper describes two city centre regeneration strategies by reviewing existing literature
and carrying out case study analysis to examine the approaches to City Centre …

We study competition between two shopping centers that sell the same set of goods and are
located at the extremes of a linear city, without restricting consumers to make all their …

Abstract Ever since Victor Gruen opened Northland in a Detroit suburb, thousands of
shopping centers and office parks have sprung up along city peripheries. While automobile …

We consider a location-then-price game where two traditional retailers compete with a
location-irrelevant online retailer. We characterize the existing equilibria, and we show that …

We study the political economy of pricing access to downtown commercial districts, using
curbside parking fees as the main example. A spatial equilibrium model is embedded in a …

We investigate the endogenous emergence of residential and industrial areas when
proximity to the centre benefits both households and firms. Households wish to locate near …

Previous models of tenant composition in shopping malls have focused on traditional anchor
and nonanchor retailers who sell similar merchandise. With the changing preferences of …

In the wake of China's “great migration,” many cities, including Beijing and Shanghai, restrict
some residents from owning housing, forcing them to rent. We build a model studying …