Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an extremely successful intracellular pathogen that
causes tuberculosis (TB), which remains the leading infectious cause of human death. The …

Autophagy (self-eating) is a conserved cellular degradation process that plays important
roles in maintaining homeostasis and preventing nutritional, metabolic, and infection …

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy.
Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered …

Background Observational studies of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
outbreak suggest that a 'cytokine storm'is involved in the pathogenesis of severe illness …

Ammonia is one of the major pollutants associated with the main river basins due to
ammonification of uneaten food and animal excretion, which usually brings detrimental …

Pathogenic bacteria cause various infections worldwide, especially in immunocompromised
and other susceptible individuals, and are also associated with high infant mortality rates in …

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain;
however, the roles of GABA in antimicrobial host defenses are largely unknown. Here we …

ABSTRACT SIRT3 (sirtuin 3), a mitochondrial protein deacetylase, maintains respiratory
function, but its role in the regulation of innate immune defense is largely unknown. Herein …

Autophagy is a well-conserved lysosomal degradation pathway that plays key roles in
bacterial infections. One of the most studied is probably xenophagy, the selective capture …

Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) kills millions every year, and
there is urgent need to develop novel anti-TB agents due to the fast-growing of drug …