Symbiotic nitrogen fixation by rhizobia in legume root nodules injects approximately 40
million tonnes of nitrogen into agricultural systems each year. In exchange for reduced …

The advent of heme during evolution allowed organisms possessing this compound to
safely and efficiently carry out a variety of chemical reactions that otherwise were difficult or …

Control of metal homeostasis is essential for life in all kingdoms. In most prokaryotic
organisms the FUR (ferric uptake regulator) family of transcriptional regulators is involved in …

Iron is both an essential nutrient for the growth of microorganisms, as well as a dangerous
metal due to its capacity to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the Fenton reaction …

The Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (Nramp) family of transition metal
transporters enables uptake and trafficking of essential micronutrients that all organisms …

Exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and other reactive oxygen species is a universal
feature of life in an aerobic environment. Bacteria express enzymes to detoxify H2O2 and to …

Iron-binding transcription factors are widespread throughout the bacterial world and to date
are known to bind several types of cofactors, such as Fe2+, heme, or iron–sulfur clusters …

Bacillus altitudinis HM-12, isolated from ferromanganese ore tailings, can resist up to 1200
mM Mn (II) when exposed to concentrations from 50 mM to 1400 mM. HM-12 exhibited high …

The gene designated BAB1_1460 in the Brucella abortus 2308 genome sequence is
predicted to encode the manganese transporter MntH. Phenotypic analysis of an isogenic …

During infection, bacterial pathogens must adapt to a nutrient metal-limited environment that
is imposed by the host. The innate immune protein calprotectin inhibits bacterial growth in …