BACKGROUND Rocks from the Earth's mantle occur in a wide range of geologic settings (1)
as peridotite massifs, now referred to as orogenic peridotites;(2) as spinel-(rarely garnet) …

The highly siderophile elements (HSE: Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Pt, Pd, Re, Au) are key tracers of
planetary accretion and differentiation processes due to their affinity for metal relative to …

Basalts and mantle peridotites of mid-ocean ridges are thought to sample Earth's upper
mantle. Osmium isotopes of abyssal peridotites uniquely preserve melt extraction events …

Olivine, pyroxene and garnet are nominally anhydrous but can accommodate tens to
hundreds of parts per million (ppm) H2O or “water” in the form of protons incorporated in …

Abyssal peridotites are oceanic mantle fragments that were recently processed through
ridges and represent residues of both modern and ancient melting. To constrain the nature …

The concentrations of Rh, Au and other highly siderophile elements (HSE: Re, Os, Ir, Ru, Pt,
Rh, Pd and Au), and 187Os/188Os isotope ratios have been determined for samples from …

Partial melting of Earth's mantle generates oceanic crust and leaves behind a chemically
depleted residual mantle. The time-integrated composition of this chemically depleted …

Cratonic lithospheric mantle is composed of predominantly refractory materials that formed
at higher mantle potential temperatures (TP) than recorded in non-cratonic peridotites. It also …

Hotspot volcanic rocks are formed under conditions that differ from conventional plate
tectonic boundary magmatic processes and are compositionally distinct from mid-oceanic …

Late accretion occurred through addition of massive impactors to Earth, leading to potential
heterogeneity in the distribution of highly siderophile elements (HSE: Os, Ir, Ru, Pt, Pd, Re) …