Facial expressions of pain have been identified in several animal species. The aim of this
systematic review was to provide evidence on the measurement properties of grimace …

The nociceptive system adapts readily to the varying needs of a warning system for
maintenance of bodily integrity. It often decreases its sensitivity upon continuous …

Several animal and human studies revealed that joint and nerve mobilisations positively
influence neuroimmune responses in neuromusculoskeletal conditions. However, no …

Chronic musculoskeletal pain: traps and pitfalls in classifi... : PAIN Reports Chronic
musculoskeletal pain: traps and pitfalls in classification and management of a major global …

Non-specific low back pain (LBP) is a major global disease burden and childhood adversity
predisposes to its development. The mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we …

Background Treatment mechanisms involve the steps or processes through which an
intervention unfolds and produces change in an outcome variable. Treatment mechanisms …

The nerve growth factor (NGF) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) play a crucial
role in the regulation of orofacial pain. It has been demonstrated that CGRP increases …

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD)-induced lower back pain (LBP) brings heavy burden
worldwide. In the degenerated intervertebral disc, there is an increase in the accumulation of …

Low back pain (LBP) is a major global burden in part due to the underlying
pathophysiological mechanisms being poorly understood. A LBP rat model involving two …

The transient receptor potential ion channel TRPM3 is highly prevalent on nociceptive
dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, but its functions in neuronal plasticity of chronic pain …