Evidence on the validity of drug targets from randomized trials is reliable but typically
expensive and slow to obtain. In contrast, evidence from conventional observational …

Abstract Purpose of Review Mendelian randomization (MR) is a strategy for evaluating
causality in observational epidemiological studies. MR exploits the fact that genotypes are …

Cardiovascular diseases caused by atherosclerosis do not typically manifest before middle
age; however, the disease process begins early in life. Preclinical atherosclerosis can be …

Aims The causal role of adiposity for several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is unclear. Our
primary aim was to apply the Mendelian randomization design to investigate the …

Background Overweight and obesity are increasing worldwide. To help assess their
relevance to mortality in different populations we conducted individual-participant data meta …

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at high risk for macrovascular
complications, which represent the major cause of mortality. Despite effective treatment of …

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and other adiposity
traits have identified more than 300 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Although …

Mendelian randomization investigations are becoming more powerful and simpler to
perform, due to the increasing size and coverage of genome-wide association studies and …

Mendelian randomization (MR) is a burgeoning field that involves the use of genetic variants
to assess causal relationships between exposures and outcomes. MR studies can be …

Background Although overweight and obesity have been studied in relation to individual
cardiometabolic diseases, their association with risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity is …