Over the last decade, there has been a growing appreciation of the importance of identifying
and treating cognitive impairment associated with bipolar disorder, since it persists in …

In an increasingly complex information society, demands for cognitive functioning are
growing steadily. In recent years, numerous strategies to augment brain function have been …

Rational At all times humans have made attempts to improve their cognitive abilities by
different means, among others, with the use of stimulants. Widely available stimulants such …

Abstract Rationale 3, 4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is used recreationally
and investigated as an adjunct to psychotherapy. Methylphenidate and modafinil are …

Modafinil, methyphenidate (MPH) and d-amphetamine (d-amph) are putative cognitive
enhancers. However, efficacy of cognitive enhancement has yet to be fully established. We …

Abstract Background Cognitive symptoms in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) are
persistent and commonly entail neurocognitive impairment and a decline in quality of life …

Technology enables humans not only to adapt their environment to their needs but also to
modify themselves. Means of Human Enhancement—embodied technologies to improve the …

Background Animal models and human studies have identified the potential of modafinil as
a cognitive enhancing agent, independent of its effects on promoting wakefulness in sleep …

Athletes of all ages may be affected by medical and mental health issues. Sports medicine
physicians should be familiar with common conditions that may affect the well-being of …

Stimulants like methylphenidate, modafinil, and caffeine have repeatedly shown to enhance
cognitive processes such as attention and memory. However, brain‐functional mechanisms …